International Trade Administration of North America Term Paper

Global Trade Administration of North America - Term Paper Example At the point when we take a gander at the old example where how the US economy functions, that is, the populace additionally develops alongside US economy, the activity satisfaction is reached. At the point when we check the business-top cycle from January 1980 to July 1990 we can watch the absolute U.S work develop by 151,000 net new finance occupations in a month. What's more, it expanded at a pace of 178,000 at the business-top cycle from July 1991 to March 2001, however around the turn of thousand years the circumstance started to change in U.S. than previously (Lenain, et al., 2012). Because of the frail business development in the start of the thousand years the economy fell into downturn and started to shed employments toward the finish of 2008 and this kept going till the president marked the American recuperation and reinvestment act. The downturn made a huge and proceeding with negative effect on the state and neighborhood governments, anyway with the assistance of recupera tion act and by the finance tax break and joblessness protection augmentations contained in the duty help, joblessness protection reauthorisation and employment creation demonstration of 2010, the U.S. economy had included employments in consistently from February 2010 (Lenain, et al., 2012). The economy of entire North America remembers 528 million individuals for its 23 sovereign states and 15 ward regions. It is set apart by a sharp division between prevalently English talking nations of Canada and US , which are among the wealthiest and most created countries on the planet, and the nations in focal America and Caribbean the less created.

Transformational Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Transformational Leadership - Essay Example As the investigation stresses hierarchical culture is the fundamental example of shared suppositions, qualities and convictions viewed as the right perspective about and following up on the issues and openings confronting the associations. It characterizes what is significant and irrelevant for the organization. You may consider it an organization’s DNAâ€invisible to the unaided eye, yet an amazing layout that shapes what occurs in the work environment. As per the report discoveries an organization’s social convictions and qualities are fairly simpler to disentangle than suspicions since individuals know about them. Convictions speak to the individual’s impression of the real world. Qualities are increasingly steady, durable convictions about what is significant. They help us characterize what is good and bad, or fortunate or unfortunate on the planet. In spite of the fact that scholars recognize that authority happens at all degrees of the association and that the effect of all pioneers adds to hierarchical execution, an interest has consistently existed with the overwhelming, earth-shaking pioneers who accomplish more than execute the unremarkable worries of regular movement. These are the pioneers who incite insurgencies in legislative issues or trade and occupy the floods of history. In spite of the charm of courageous authority and the long-standing enthusiasm of social logicians in the subject, the logical writin g generally overlooked the point until as of late. Research clarified the lack of research by highlighting three issues intrinsic here of study.

Boys like cars and money

Boys like cars and money DID YOU KNOW? You can create your own motivational, or de-motivational posters online at this website. I was walking to the down Amherst Street this fine afternoon, heading to the Laboratory for Energy and the Environment offices, when I was accosted by a man in a bicycle taxi. MAN: Hey, do you want a ride? Its almost free! ME: Well, no, Im actually only going to the end of this block. MAN: Its actually free! ME: No, thanks anyway! Sams Mom had taught me well not to get into bicycle taxis with strangers. But as the man sped off in search of another victim, I noticed that the taxi was actually offering free rides to anybody who joined a certain group on thefacebook. And then I realized that thefacebook had now somehow come out of my computer and invaded the real, physical world. And I just despaired. Or should I say, despaired dot com? Im sitting down here at the Burton-Conner front desk remembering why I dont usually work on weekday afternoons: packages come in! And then you have to log them all in a little book and sort them all alphabetically and put all of the stupid recipients names on the whiteboard. It takes like 15 minutes! I could write a whole blog entry in those 15 minutes! But then I remembered: I have a friend at another college who has a boyfriend whose campus job involves cleaning up poop in monkey cages. Desk is actually a pretty good job by those standards. Actually, working desk is, without a doubt, the absolute best job that you can possibly find on the MIT campus. Ive mentioned this in passing a few times, but I thought that now we have the AWESOME CATEGORIES SITE I would take the time to write up an actual job description Pay: $9 per hour or something (campus minimum wage was $8.75 last time I checked) Experience needed: None Tasks 1. Any time somebody rings the dorm doorbell, press the door open button. Sometimes they knock on the glassyou dont have to open the door for them in this case, because there is a sign specifically telling them not to do so. 2. If you let someone in who doesnt live here, check their MIT ID, ask who theyre here to visit, and log their name in the visitor guide. I have to admit, I only do this for sketchy- or imposing-looking people. Lifes too short to catalogue every wholesome Asian girl in an MIT sweatshirt who needs to get into Burton-Conner. 3. Restock paper in the dorm printer from the supply behind desk. If there is no more behind desk, send an e-mail to the dorm telling them that barbar is, regrettably, out of paper. Barbar is our printers name. 4. Answer the dorm phone. We used to have to transfer calls during the dark age period when MIT campus phones could not recieve outside calls, but nobody ever taught us how to do that, so Id always just hang up on people who asked me to transfer their call. Then, thankfully, some MIT student figured out that it would not actually cost anything extra for MIT phones to receive outside calls, and the problem was solved forever. 5. Give people keys when they get locked out of their rooms, or when they get significant others who want to live with them. Dont forget to make them fill out the little green ket checkout card! Usually were discouraged from telling them that you can open any door in Burton-Conner with two spare shelving brackets. Shh! Its our little secret, blogoverse! 6. Check people in and out of the dorm at the beginning and end of the year. This means, basically, handing them a yellow card and either dispensing or taking their key. 7. Check out movies. This involves opening the door to let people look at movies, looking at their MIT ID, and clicking like two things in the movie check-out program. Then you say, Okay, its gonna be due back on the 29th! Sometimes youre asked to make movie recommendations, too, although thats not really in the official job description. My standard recommendation is Jesus Christ: Vampire Hunter (The power of Christ impales you!), but depending on what the customer is looking for, I have also been known to recommend Kinsey, Dodgeball, and Spellbound. 8. Manage dorm equipment. This includes television remote controls, ping pong paddles (but no balls), pool equipment, various board games, and a hammer. Sometimes. Well, there used to be a hammer. And I didnt know about it. And someone needed it. So I was like Why would we have a hammer behind desk, young lady? And then one day I was just rooting around drawers looking for something and BAM there was the hammer. And this was before thefacebook, so I couldnt even stalk her down and apologize. 9. Logging packages, as described above. I tend to take night shifts, which means I dont usually have to do this, but it does mean that sometimes I have to 10. Make small talk with night security. Usually theyll leave you alone and let you do your p-sets, but once in a while Ive gotten to talking to them, and it turns out that they have really interesting lives that are not entirely defined by their noctural occupations. And, really, thats about it. For the rest of the time you get paid $18 to sit around and do your homework for two hours. Or play Tontie. But usually I do homework. Then there are the rare occasions when youll have to handle a stray piece of mail or deal with the owner of a lost earring or procure a hammer or something. But those are few and far between. Basically, as DAPER might put it, Successful MIT students work Burton-Conner front desk all four years of their education.

Hamlet Quiz Check Your Knowledge

Unauthorized Trading Activities And Risk Management Practices

Introduction Unauthorised trading, also known as Rogue trading refers to trading where a broker makes a trade to a customer without having permission from the customer or the authorization (Sec.gov, 2014). It is important to have knowledge of rogue trading because such incidents result in significant corporate loses and destroy the shareholders’ value. On the other hand such crimes raise major concerns about the institutions controls and risk management practices. The level of risk caused due to unauthorised trading is not restricted to proprietary books of investment banks-it extends to investment portfolios of insurance companies, discretionary accounts of private bankers and third party funds managed by funds managers. All of the financial sectors mentioned above contribute to the stability of the economy, hence a loss in one of them will have a direct impact to the destabilization of the economy. According to a UBS press release on the 18th of September 2011 an unauthorised trading was conducted in Global Synthetic Equity business in London. The trader in question had been charged by UK authorities with fraud and the resulting loss was amounted to $ 3.2 Billion. The press also states that the loss was a result from an unauthorised speculative trading in various SP 500, DAX, and EuroStoxx index futures over a period of three months (Reuters, 2014). This case is just one example of the many unauthorised trading and its penalties, the consequences of the risks areShow MoreRelatedA Study of Unauthorized Trading and Its Influences on Investment Banking2417 Words   |  10 Pagesresearch project, we will aim to study unauthorised trading and assess how it influences investment banking general. 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Angel Broking Ltd. Free Essays

ORGANISATION STUDY ON Angel Broking Ltd. Sigra, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh By Ashish Om (PB1104) Jeswin George (PA1114) Group No. 53 Submitted to: UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE II SEMESTER INTERNSHIP – ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY BATCH OF 2011 – 2013 Through Contents Company Letter3 CERTIFICATE FROM THE GUIDE5 CERTIFICATE FROM THE GUIDE6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS8 Chapter 19 Industry Profile9 CHAPTER 213 COMPANY PROFILE13 Business Branches of Angel Broking16 Angel Group Consists of:16 Our Vision20 Our Motto20 Our CRM Policy: Customer is King20 Business Philosophy @ Angel Broking20 Quality Assurance Policy @ Angel Broking20 CHAPTER 321 ORGANISATIONAL HEIRARCHY21 CHAPTER 425 STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS25 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Angel Broking Ltd. or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT26 4. 2 IT and Media29 4. 3 Marketing Department30 4. 4 Finance Department31 CHAPTER 544 SWOT ANALYSIS44 CHAPTER 647 CONCLUSION SUGGESTIONS47 CHAPTER 753 BIBLIOGRAPHY53 Company Letter Company Letter CERTIFICATE FROM THE GUIDE This is to certify that this Internship Report on Organizational Study at Angel Broking Limited is a bonafide study of Ashish Om, carried out under my guidance and supervision. PLACE: BANGALORE DATE:Prof. Y. Poornima CERTIFICATE FROM THE GUIDE This is to certify that this Internship Report on Organizational Study at Angel Broking Limited is a bonafide study of Jeswin George, carried out under my guidance and supervision. PLACE: BANGALORE DATE:Prof. Y. Poornima DECLARATION We hereby declare that this Internship Report on Organizational Study at ANGEL BROKING LIMITED submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for II Semester MBA Degree examinations 2012 of University of Mysore through Ramaiah Institute of Management Studies is our original work and not submitted to any other university. This work has been done under the supervision of Dr Y. Poornima in Ramaiah Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore. Place: Bangalore Date: Ashish Om (11MB50 ) Jeswin George (11MB5071) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, we would like to thank the Almighty God for blessing us with the strength, aptitude and patience for successfully completing my internship and this report. I would like to thank my Faculty Guide, Prof. Y. Poornima for giving me the opportunity to work with her during my period of internship. I have been able to compile and complete this report in a comprehensive manner due to the guidance, support and counselling that she has provided me with during this period. I have tried my best to implement her constructive suggestions while doing my report. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank the management of Angel Broking. Ltd for providing the support to do this Internship. My sincere gratitude goes to Mr. G. N. Chowdry: Manager and Consultant Mines, Mr. Haroon Ahmed: In charge Mines, Mr. Arshad Ahmad: Deputy Chief Chemist, Mr. Farooq Ahmed: Electric Engineer and to Mr. Shakeel Ahmed: In Charge Cement Mill for giving me time from their busy schedule, providing me with information that was required to complete the report, and for guiding me properly throughout the period of my internship. I would also like to thank all the employees of Saifco Cements Pvt. Ltd. who have supported me and co-operated with me during my internship period. Finally my sincere thanks go to each and everyone who has helped and supported me significantly in different stages during the period of my internship. Chapter 1 Industry Profile To understand the equity market and maintain and cope up with the growing competition from the various online trading providers, Broking Company needs to find potential customer and also target the new investors. The project is being done to train the people about the whole procedure essential to open an online trading account couple with demat account. The project will help in exploring the area where there is the feasibility of acquiring more new investors. It would also help in knowing the various competitors of the industry and exploring the areas through which competitive advantage could be obtained. . 1 What is a Stock Market? A stock market or equity market is a public entity (a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity) for the trading of company stock (shares) and derivatives at an agreed price; these are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. The size of the world stock market was estimated at a bout $36. 6  trillion at the beginning of October 2008. The total world derivatives market has been estimated at about $791  trillion face or nominal value, 11 times the size of the entire world economy. The value of the derivatives market, because it is stated in terms of notional values, cannot be directly compared to a stock or a fixed income security, which traditionally refers to an actual value. Moreover, the vast majority of derivatives ‘cancel’ each other out (i. e. , a derivative ‘bet’ on an event occurring is offset by a comparable derivative ‘bet’ on the event not occurring). Many such relatively illiquid securities are valued as marked to model, rather than an actual market price. The stocks are listed and traded on stock exchanges which are entities of a corporation or mutual organization specialized in the business of bringing buyers and sellers of the organizations to a listing of stocks and securities together. The largest stock market in the United States, by market capitalization, is the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). In Canada, the largest stock market is the Toronto Stock Exchange. Major European examples of stock exchanges include the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, London Stock Exchange, Paris Bourse, and the Deutsche Borse (Frankfurt Stock Exchange). In Africa, examples include Nigerian Stock Exchange, JSE Limited, etc. Asian examples include the Singapore Exchange, the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and the Bombay Stock Exchange. In Latin America, there are such exchanges as the BMF Bovespa and the BMV. Market participants include individual retail investors, institutional investors such as mutual funds, banks, insurance companies and hedge funds, and also publicly traded corporations trading in their own shares. Some studies have suggested that institutional investors and corporations trading in their own shares generally receive higher risk-adjusted returns than retail investors. 1. 2 What is Stock Broking? The process of investing in the share market, either individually or through a broker is known as stock broking, in simple terms. This is primarily done by opening a Demat account. If done through a broker, he opens an account, helping you to operate through online stock broking facility. Going ahead the broker suggests investment ideas and strategies suiting individual requirements and based on his objective of investment. Tenure of investment, the selected financial instruments and their respective companies, the schemes, the risk taking ability, the sum available for investment, all are considered while forming investment choices. After the amount is invested, the broker tracks and monitors the investments, changes or reinvests depending on the performance and generates reports for them. This entire process is known as stock broking. To understand the equity market and maintain and cope up with the growing competition from the various online trading providers, Broking company needs to find potential customer and also target the new investors. The project is being done to train the people about the whole procedure essential to open an online trading account couple with demat account. The project will help in exploring the area where there is the feasibility of acquiring more new investors. It would also help in knowing the various competitors of the industry and exploring the areas through which competitive advantage could be obtained. 1. 2 Who is a Stock Broker A stockbroker is a regulated professional individual, usually associated with a brokerage firm or broker-dealer, who buys and sells shares and other ecurities for both retail and institutional clients, through a stock exchange or over the counter, in return for a fee or commission. Stockbrokers are known by numerous professional designations, depending on the license they hold, the type of securities they sell, or the services they provide. In the United States, a stockbroker must pass both the Series 7 and Series 63 exams in order to be licensed. In most English s peaking venues, the two word term stock broker, like stock brokerage, normally applies to the brokerage firm, rather than to the individual. CHAPTER 2 COMPANY PROFILE 2. 1 Angel Broking Limited Date of Establishment: 1987 Market Cap: Rs. 725 crore (January 27, 2006) Address: G-1, Akruti Trade Center, Road No -7, MIDC, Andheri (E), Mumbai – 400093 Branches: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, New Delhi, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal Angel Broking provides retail related services encompassing Ebroking, Investment Advisory, Portfolio Management Services, Wealth Management Services and Commodities Trading. It is a member of Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange. It is also a registered depository participant with CDSL. The company has a relaxed work atmosphere which thrives upon human values, co-operation, trust and respect. It ensures career growth to its employees with ample introduction to business practices. It has employee friendly HR policies which gives security and fair promotions. 2. 2 Insight into Angel Broking Angel Broking Limited is one of the leading and professionally managed stock broking firm involved in quality services and research. Angel Broking Limited is a corporate member of The Stock Exchange, Mumbai. The membership of the company with The Stock Exchange Mumbai was originally in the name of Mukesh R. Gandhi, which was eventually turned into a corporate membership in the name of Angel Broking Limited. Angel Broking Limited is managed by Mr. Dinesh Thakkar and he is well supported by Mr. Mukesh Gandhi, a fifteen years veteran in the market. The group is well supported by a professional and qualified research team and efficient operations and back office team, which comprises of highly dedicated and qualified individuals. Angel has an in-house, state of art research department. Angel believes in reaching out to the customer at the farthest end rather than by reaching out to them. The company in its endeavour to give its client the best has opened up several branches all over Mumbai, which are efficiently integrated with the Head Office. Angel Broking Limited is primarily into retail stock broking, with a customer base of retail investors, which has been increasing at a compounded growth rate of 100% every year. The company has huge network sub-brokers in Mumbai and other places outside Mumbai, registered with SEBI, who act as chanel partners for the company. The company presently has a total staff strength of around 150 employees who are spread accordingly across the head office and all the branches. Angel has empowered its physical presence throughout India through various strategies which it has been adopting efficiently and effectively over a period of time, like opening up of branches at various places, tie-ups with various agencies and sales agents, buy-outs of smaller regional outfits and appointment of sub-brokers and franchisees. Moreover Angel has been tapping and including high net-worth and self-employed individuals it its vast array of clients. Angel has always strived in the direction of delivering ultimate client satisfaction and developing stronger bonds with its customers and chose partners. Angel has a vision to introduce new and innovative products and services regularly. Moreover Angel has been one among the pioneers to introduce the latest technological innovations and integrate it efficiently within its business. Angel Broking’s tryst with excellence in customer relations began in 1987. It has emerged as one of the most respected Stock-Broking and Wealth Management Companies in India. With its unique retail-focused stock trading business model, Angel is committed to providing ‘Real Value for Money’ to all its clients. The Angel Group is a member of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the two leading Commodity Exchanges in the country: NCDEX ; MCX. Angel is also registered as a Depository Participant with CDSL. Business Branches of Angel Broking * Equity Trading * Commodities * Portfolio Management Services * Mutual Funds * Life Insurance * IPO * Depository Services * Investment Advisory Angel Group Consists of: * Angel Broking Ltd. * Angel Commodities Broking Ltd. * Angel Securities Ltd. 2. 3 The Management @ Angel Broking Mr. Dinesh Thakkar –  Founder Chairman ; Managing Director The Angel Group of Companies was brought to life by Mr. Dinesh Thakkar. He ventured into stock trading with an intention to raise capital for his own independent enterprise. However, he recognized the opportunity offered by the stock market to serve individual investors. Thus India’s first retail-focused stock-broking house was established in 1987. Under his leadership, Angel became the first broking house to embrace new technology for faster, more effective and affordable services to retail investors. Mr. Thakkar is valued for his understanding of the economy and the stock-market. The print and electronic media often seek his views on the market trend as well as investment strategies. Mr. Lalit Thakkar –  Director – Research Mr. Lalit Thakkar is the motivating force behind Angel’s highly acclaimed Research team. He’s been a part of the senior management team since the Angel Group’s inception. His technical and fundamental outlook has provided impetus to Angel’s market research team. Research-based ; personalized advisory services are Angel’s forte, and Mr. Lalit Thakkar has undoubtedly been the brain behind it. When it comes to analyzing the market, Mr. Lalit Thakkar is truly a genius. His hands-on experience and fundamental knowledge of the market can predict the market trend early. His views on the market trend are often quoted in the print and electronic media Mr. Amit Majumdar –  Chief Strategy Officer A chartered Accountant by qualification, Mr. Amit Majumdar is a key member of Angel’s strategic decision-making process. He has been with the group since August 2004. He has handled several functions of the group like finance and operations, to name a few. He has rich experience in finance, investment banking, treasury, consultancy and advisory services. Mr. Majumdar has led many successful initiatives for the group. Before joining the Angel Group, Mr. Majumdar has been associated with Rabo India Finance, Ambit Corporate Finance and Ernst ; Young. Mr. Sachin Joshi –  Executive Director ; CFO Mr. Sachin R Joshi brings with him over 19 years of experience handling strategic positions in Business Operations ; Finance. He also has hands-on experience in Resource Raising, Strategic Planning, Business Restructuring, Public Listing (Local/ International), etc A Chartered ; a Cost Accountant by qualification, Sachin is also a post graduate in Law and has completed a one year Certificate Program (BLP II) from IIM (Kolkatta). He has been associated with reputed firms such as Navneet Group of Companies, Lupin Laboratories Ltd and Infrastructure Leasing ; Financial Services Ltd. (IL;FS). His last assignment which spanned over 11 years was with IL;FS Invest smart Group where he worked in various capacities such as Chief Financial Officer, Executive Director- Finance ; Operations and Chief Operating Officer Mr. Vinay Agrawal –  Executive Director – Equity Broking Mr. Vinay Agrawal leads the Equity Broking business at Angel, which comprises Business Development, Operations, Product Development and E-broking initiative. He is actively involved in exploring new ways to adopt technology for business enhancement. A Chartered Accountant by qualification, Mr. Agrawal began his career with the Angel Group as Finance and Operations Consultant, and since then he’s quickly climbed up the corporate ladder. Mr. Nikhil Daxini –  Executive Director – Sales and Marketing With an MBA in finance, Mr. Nikhil Daxini has been instrumental in introducing the concept of professional marketing of broking services at Angel. His area of focus is Business Development, Risk Management and Operations. Mr. Daxini has immense experience in the marketing of financial products and services. He has been associated with HDFC Bank Ltd. n the past. Mr. Mudit Kulshreshtha –   Executive Director – Business Intelligence ; Analytics Mr. Mudit Kulshreshtha heads the advance analytics and strategic business intelligence division at Angel. With a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering and PhD in Economics, Mr. Mudit Kulshreshtha has more than 12 years experience in the field of strategy and business consulting. He has been associated with reputed consulting firms like Deloitte Consulting India, Ernst and Young, Arthur Andersen and WNS Global. He has advised several big clients in the U. S. and U. K. He is also a known speaker at public seminars and conferences organised by CII, NASSCOM, Indian School of Business and IIT. Mr. Santanu Syam –   Executive Director – Operations Mr. Syam brings with him over 18 years of experience in the field of Transaction Banking, Wholesale Banking, Treasury Banking, Consumer Banking and CBS. He started his career with ANZ Grindlays Bank and he was also associated with Standard Chartered Bank in India as Director Transactional Head Banking. Mr. Syam followed up his Engineering degree with an MBA. He has also attended Banking ; Technology seminars organised by SCB Singapore, BSE India ; Euro Finance. ———————————————— ————————————————- 2. 4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS FOR ANGEL BROKING LTD. Angel Broking Ltd. to Invest INR 30 0 Million in Financial Year 2010 Angel Broking Ltd. Announced that it is planning to invest around INR 300 million this financial year for expanding its branch network. The company is looking to invest around INR 250-300 million in this financial year for expanding its network by 50 branches. The investment is in line with expansion strategy which sees huge potential in the long term. Under its expansion plans, the company would focus on few areas in the northern and southern regions including Punjab, Haryana, New Delhi, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The firm is also eying to tap semi-urban pockets which have huge investment potential. Angel Broking In Talks To Raise Funds Angel Broking Ltd. plans to finalize INR 2 billion – INR 2. 5 billion fund raising plans between December 2009 and March 2010. Dinesh Thakkar, Angel Broking’s CMD said, â€Å"We are got active interest from the US and UK-based institutions. We are open to diluting a significant stake. He did not reveal the valuations, because discussions were still in a preliminary stage. Angel Broking Ltd. Announces Executive Appointments Angel Broking Ltd. announced four key-appointments for its domestic operations. Hitungshu Debnath has been appointed as the head of its distribution ; wealth management services while Mudit Kulshreshtha will take over as the head of strategic business intelligence a nd advanced analytics initiatives. The company has also named Adil Kasad as the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Santanu Syam as head of retail operations across all business verticals. 2. Angel Broking Credentials Our Vision To provide best value for money to investors through innovative products, trading/investments strategies, state of the art technology and personalized service. Our Motto To have complete harmony between quality-in-process and continuous improvement to deliver exceptional service that will delight our Customers and Clients. Our CRM Policy: Customer is King â€Å"A Customer is the most Important Visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us, but we are dependent on him. He is not an interruption in our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us an opportunity to do so. † – Mahatma Gandhi Business Philosophy @ Angel Broking Ethical practices ; transparency in all our dealings Customers interest above our own Always deliver what we promise Effective cost management Quality Assurance Policy @ Angel Broking We are committed to providing world-class products and services which exceed the expectations of our customers, achieved by teamwork and a process of continuous improvement. CHAPTER 3 ORGANISATIONAL HEIRARCHY 3. 1 ORGANISATIONAL CHART 3. 2 Product Profile A product profile is an outline of the description of a product. The amount of detail contained in it varies with the style of the information sheet. It is not a specification sheet. It is a general description of the various products and services offered by a particular company or firm. This one is rather detailed, but note the difference between this and the Specifications detail. The following products are offered by Angel Broking in the process of its functioning: * Equity Trading Commodity Trading * Mutual funds promotion * Depository services * Margin Financing * NRI-Desk Management proximity to stock exchanges and banks. Equity Trading: For the first time Angel Broking investing commodity the power to be associated with the elite dealing rooms and freedom to execute trade on their own. That is one may trade from their branches or trade own over the net and with that expertise and assistance. Depo sitory Services: Angel Broking is among the few major Depository Participants holding securities worth more than Rs. 6000 crore under its management . RSL provides depository services investors as a depository participant with NSDL and CDSL. 16 Commodity Trading: Commodities are a word originated from the French word ‘commodity’ means  benefit profit. Angel commodities Limited is a member of both the exchange (MCX ; NCDEX)that allows trading in all the commodities traded at both the exchange . At  present, trading in commodities is restricted to futures contracts only. Benefits of Commodity Trading: To investors: Investors always look for alternative investments avenues where they can diversify their funds to achieve their financial goals. In financial market, commodities have rapidly emerged as a major investment tool as they help in diversifying investments and to hedge against inflation, greatest threat to any investor. MUTUAL FUNDS SERVICES: Angel Broking is also promoting mutual funds of all companies. CORPORATE ADVISORY GROUP: Corporate advisory group provides various solutions to corporate banks and financial institutions son the management of debit, equity and investments. The service extends from advising client to earn maximum profit by investing through selected papers like MF/PMF etc. PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: Portfolio management services manage client’s wealth more efficiently reduces risk by diversifying across assets, sectors and funds, and maximizing returns at managed levels of risk . This service could also be called as â€Å"transparent collective investments†. INVESTMENT BROKING DIVISION: Angel Broking provides innovative, integrated and best – fit solutions to their  corporate customers, it is continuous endeavour to provide value enhancement through diverse financial solution on an on-going basis, through products like corporate debt , private equity , IPO, ECB, FCCB, GDR/ADR etc. CHAPTER 4 STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS ————————————————- 4. 1 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT Work Culture At Angel, exploring of new paths to provide the best value to all our internal and external customers is carried out. Angel Broking considers people as their biggest asset and believes in creating long term relationships by nurturing talent from within. A fast-growing, forward-looking organization like Angel, demands HR to be a key responsibility area of our core management team. The HR team constantly explores ways to enhance and augment the knowledge base and productivity of all Angels by providing various learning and development Programs. The three tier Leadership Development program helps all star performers to grow and develop their managerial skills to become effective mentors for their teams and thereby take on the next level of responsibility effectively. Angel’s is a winning team of highly determined, motivated, and adaptable people, all working diligently to take Angel’s exciting success story forward. HR Philosophy At Angel, People come first. Along with the customers, the employees are equally vital to the organization. The Business of HR is to foster an entrepreneurial spirit – whereby Angels can operate with ownership as an entrepreneur (profit center) within the confines of their job role and earn over and above their fixed salaries. Angel believes in inculcating a sense of responsibility and ownership in all Angels which brings out the entrepreneurial zeal to explore potential within as well as beyond job boundaries. Our HR Philosophy is to engage employees at professional, emotional and material levels: * We aim to create an environment conducive to both personal and professional development of the employees, leading to a productive and happy work force * Angel believes that people impact business and therefore each and every Angel is a key resource and a valuable asset * Our business philosophy of being transparent in all our dealings with our customers, is equally applicable in dealings with employees * We encourage initiative, provide professional freedom and empower Angels based on trust Employee Engagement Team HR at Angel works effectively to create a work environment and performance culture that fosters team spirit and enhances employee productivity through motivation and positive ambition. * Our HR team is continually working to rationalize and restructure measures to ensure better employee relationship management, employee communications and relations, recruitment and training need analysis; program design and implementation, performance evaluation and other work-life initiatives. Performance Management Core essence of Performance Management Systems The core essence of PMS is to build and strengthen the team member’s ‘Connect’ with Angel Broking through: * Enrolling the team member to Angel’s vision * Meaningful engagement * Meaningful dialogue * Openness to give and receive feedback * Compliment achievements * Focus on the team member’s growth to enhance performance| | The whole focus of PMS is to look for goodness in a person. The onus is on the managers to look for that goodness, identify strengths and try to create a role around strengths rather than getting bogged down with weaknesses. The Performance Management System at Angel has reduced manual intervention to a minimal level. The fully integrated online system uses sophisticated tools such as national and regional stack ranking, performance bands and rank based recommendations. All this is supported through one-on-one interactive feedback coaching session with team. Performance credits are received for exceeding expected targets and there are equal opportunities for all employees to earn rewards with no upper limits. Performance credit structures have been worked out differently for various categories of employees. Career Why you should anyone work with Angel Broking? * Fast paced, enriching career with exposure to best business practices * Fair compensation opportunities for growth / promotion based on merit * Vibrant work culture and opportunities for training, recreation and social interaction * Progressive HR policies with an open door approach and proactive processes to maintain high morale * Security of employment, subject to minimum acceptable performance Leadership Academy Learning is a continuous process at Angel Broking. We identify the strengths of employees and design training programs to build their strong points and overcome their shortcomings. We prepare our employees for future positions with training and by encouraging the learning process. This helps them to move towards their career objectives efficiently. We also employ various people development initiatives like E-learning opportunities for functional behavioural skills through video conferences and through our employee portal. Our E Wise – Be wise Program provides every Angel with 24Ãâ€"7 access to all relevant information about Angel. This encourages employees at all levels to upgrade their knowledge constantly and apply their learning’s in the day to day work to achieve high productivity and customer satisfaction levels. 4. 2 IT and Media The rapid innovation in the field of information and communication technology has posed serious challenges for the stock broking industry in India. The use and application of information technology in wide variety of insurer’s operations has now become strategic in the sense that it has direct impact on the productivity of resources, and a sweeping impact on reducing the case of various activities. With the arrival of private brokers, the competition has become more intense and an important role is being played by the stock broking sector. Angel Broking has been maintaining a proper Management Information System for the proper recording of the information of all types available to them. This helps them to assess the information and analyse it for any kind of priority requirements. For any technology related problems that needs to be fixed, Angel Broking takes a time span which is dependent on the severity of the problem. It takes around a day or a week’s time to get the technology fixed if it is a small problem. Employees at the IT department get it resolved at the earliest and avoid turbulence which enhances a smooth flow of activities in the organization. At Angel Broking, the impact of Information Technology can be seen in the other departments also: Marketing department: In this department IT has facilitated the marketing executives to up sale the business and meet the business delegates with new technology and features of the their business. Finance Department: Angel Broking uses computerized accounting system which has reinforced the department to work with accuracy and reliability. Human resource department: The human resource department at Angel Broking also uses information technology to maintain databases of information regarding the employees working in the organization and their details. Since Angel Broking is basically a stock broking firm, they mostly concentrate on Press releases, Events and very few TV commercial Ads. 4. 3 Marketing Department The meaning of marketing has changed with the passage of time. In the modern times, the concept of marketing has been changed entirely due to cutthroat competition. Markets are no longer local but they have become national as well as international in character. In the past marketing was often referred as selling but now it has been realized that marketing is different from selling. Marketing department takes care of the marketing of all the products of the company. It helps in the increase of the business. It plays the major role in making the people aware of their product. It concentrates on making the strategies of how to increase the sales of the products. How they can segment the market to tap out its maximum potential profits. It also works on sales promotion to increase the sales of company. According to J. F. Pyle, â€Å"Marketing is that phase of business activity through which human wants are satisfied by exchange of goods and services†. Also marketing is the process of discovering and translating consumer wants into products and services specifications. Marketing differs in between products and service based organizations. As in manufacturing firms there is a product but in service-based organization the marketing has to be done of an intangible thing. In the Marketing department, we were given the opportunity to learn new things by observing and interacting with the Marketing team of  the company. I was involved with creating Product Invoice, recording and tracking the sales call from the distribution channel, analysing some sales figures of the company, and taking feedback and complaints from the customers via telephone and e-mail while working in the Customer Service Department. 4. 4 Finance Department This department keeps the proper track record of all the transactions taking place. It maintains the record of all the broking being carried out in our office. Ratio analysis of financial statements It is a systematic use of ratios to interpret/ assess the performance and status of the firm. A ratio expresses a mathematical relation between two quantities. * Ratios are tools providing us which clues and symptoms of underlying conditions. Ratios can help us to identify areas requiring further investigation. * The usefulness of ratio depends on the quality of the numbers in their calculation. That is our ability to draw useful insights and make valid intercompany comparisons is enhanced by our skill in adjusting reported numbers prior to inclusion in these analyses. * Ratios are interpretable only in comparison with 1) Prior ratios 2) Predetermined standards. 3) Ratios of competitors. Ratio analysis of a firm’s financial statements is of interest to shareholders, creditors, and the firm’s management. Stockholders are interested in the firm’s current and future level of risk and return, which directly affect the stock price. The firm’s creditors are primarily interested in the short-term liquidity of the company and in its ability to make interest and principal payments. Internal management is concerned with all aspects of the firm’s financial performance. Therefore, they attempt to produce financial ratios that will be considered favorable to both owners and creditors. Additionally, management uses ratios to monitor the firm’s performance from period to period. Unexpected changes or variances are identified to isolate developing problem areas. IMPORTANCE OF RATIO ANALYSIS Ratio analysis does two things, immediately. The first thing is it allows the company to compare itself with other like companies. If management feels things aren’t going well, they can help pinpoint the problem through comparing their ratios with other companies. They may have several ratios that are comparable, but a couple which are way off. That might be where the problem is. Also, ratio analysis may help by comparing your company with prior periods. If a particular ratio is declining when it would be better if it were staying the same or increasing, then again looking at the ratios are important to find out where the problem lies. Ratios are important to spot trends easily. Types of ratios: Ratios can be classified into six broad groups: 1. Liquidity ratios 2. Capital structure/ leverage ratios 3. Profitability ratios 4. Activity/ efficiency ratios 5. Integrated analysis of ratios 6. Growth ratios. 1. Liquidity Ratios: It is the ability of a firm to satisfy its short- term obligations as they become due. The importance of adequate liquidity in the sense of the ability of a firm to meet current / short –term obligations when they become due for payment can hardly be overstressed. a) Current Ratio: Current Ratio is the ratio between Current Assets and Current Liabilities. It calculated by dividing Current Assets by Current Liabilities. Current assets include all assets, which can convert easily into near money within a year. Current assets include cash in hand, cash at bank, debtors, stock, and money at short or call notice etc. Current liabilities are the sum of all hort-term payables within a year, which include Sundry Creditors, Bills payable, Bank overdraft, Expenses outstanding etc. the current ratio of a firm measures its short term solvency that is, its ability to meet short-term obligations. As a measure of short-term current financial liquidity, it indicates the amount of current assets available for each amount of current liability. Formula for finding current ratio is given below. Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities Significance of the ratio Current ratio provides a margin of safety to the creditors. In a sound business, a current ratio of 2:1 is considered an ideal one. Current ratio indicates firm’s ability to pay its current liabilities, i. e. day-to-day financial obligation. Current ratio is an index of the firm’s financial stability i. e. , an index of technical solvency and an index of the strength of working capital, which means excess of current assets over current liabilities. Higher ratio more than 2:1 indicates sound solvency position. Lower ratio less then 2:1 indicates inadequate working capital. b) Quick ratio: Quick ratio is also known as liquid ratio or Acid test ratio. Quick ratio shows the liquidity of the business. Quick ratio is the ratio between quick assets and quick liabilities. The term quick asset refers to current assets, which can be converted into, cash immediately or at a short notice without diminution of value. Quick assets comprise of all current assets minus stock and pre paid expenses. The formula to find quick ratio is as follows. Quick Assets = Current assets – (Stock + Prepaid expenses) Quick Assets = Current assets – (Stock + Prepaid expenses) Quick liabilities comprises of all current liabilities minus Bank over draft. Quick Ratio = Quick assets / Quick Liabilities Quick Ratio = Quick assets / Quick Liabilities The formula is shown below: Quick Ratio = Quick assets/Current Liabilities Quick Ratio = Quick assets/Current Liabilities Significance of the ratio It is the true test of business solvency. Generally an acid test ratio of 1:1 considered as satisfactory, by that a firm can easily meet all current claims. Higher ratio more than 1:1 indicates sound and good financial position. If the ratio is less then 1:1, that is, liquid assets are less than current liabilities, the financial position of the concern shall be deemed to be unsound. This ratio gives a picture of firm’s ability to meet its short-term debts out of short-term assets. If less the quick ratio, higher the incidence of inventory in inflating the current ratio and higher is quick ratio, the incidence of inventory in inflating the current ratio is less. c) Net working capital: Working capital is the lifeblood of the business. Working capital refers to that part of the firm’s capital, which is used for financing short term or current assets, such as, cash, marketable securities, debtors, inventories, bills receivables etc. n a narrow sense, the term working capital refers to the net working capital. Net working capital is the excess of current assets over current liabilities. Net working capital = Current assets – Current liabilities Net working capital = Current assets – Current liabilities d) Turnover ratios: It measures the speed with which various accounts /assets are converted into sales or cash. It is concerned with measu ring the efficiency in asset management. These ratios are also called efficiency ratios or asset utilization ratios. The liquidity ratios mentioned above are related to the liquidity of a firm as a whole. Another way of examining the liquidity is to determine how quickly certain current assets are converted into cash. The ratios to measure these are referred to as turnover ratio. The three relevant turnover ratios are, 1. Inventory turnover ratio: This ratio is also known as stock velocity. This ratio calculated to consider the adequacy of the quantum of capital and its justification for investing in inventory. A firm must have reasonable stock in comparison to sales. It is the ratio of cost of sales and average inventory. This ratio helps the finance manager to evaluate inventory policy. This ratio reveals the number of times finished Inventory turnover Ratio = Cost of sales/Average inventory Inventory turnover Ratio = Cost of sales/Average inventory 2. Debtors’ turnover ratio: Debtor’s turnover ratio is also called ‘Debtors velocity’ or ‘Receivables turnover’. A firm sells goods on credit and basis. When the firm extends its customers, book debts are created in the firms account. Debtors are expected to convert into cash over a short period, so it included in current assets. Debtors include the amount of bills receivables and book debts at the end of accounting period. It is a test to understand the reasonable quantitative relationship between outstanding receivables and sales. Financial analysts employ two ratios to judge the quality or liquidity of the Debtors turnover and Average collection period. Debtor’s turnover is found by dividing total sales by sundry debtors. Formula to find debtors turnover ratio is given below Debtors turnover = Total sales/Sundry debtors Debtors turnover = Total sales/Sundry debtors 3. Creditors’ turnover ratio: It is a ratio between net credit purchases and the average amount of creditors outstanding during the year. It is calculated as follows: Creditors turnover ratio= net credit purchases / average creditors Creditors turnover ratio= net credit purchases / average creditors Net credit purchases= gross credit purchases – returns to suppliers Net credit purchases= gross credit purchases – returns to suppliers Average creditors= average of creditors (including bills payable) outstanding at the beginning and at the end of the year Average creditors= average of creditors (including bills payable) outstanding at the beginning and at the end of the year A low turnover ratio reflects liberal credit terms granted by suppliers, while a high ratio shows that accounts are to be settled rapidly. The creditor’s turnover ratio is an important tool of analysis as a firm can reduce its requirement of current assets by relying on supplier’s credit. The extent to which trade creditors are willing to wait for payment can be approximated by the creditor’s turnover ratio. Defensive – Interval Ratios: It is the ratio between quick assets and projected daily cash requirement. Defensive – interval ratios = Liquid assets /projected daily cash requirement Defensive – interval ratios = Liquid assets /projected daily cash requirement Projected daily cash requirement=projected cash operating expenditure/number of days in a year Projected daily cash requirement=projected cash operating expenditure/number of days in a year Cash Flow From Operations Ratio: Cash flow from operations ratio= Cash flow from operations/ current liabilities Cash flow from operations ratio= Cash flow from operations/ current liabilities This ratio measures liquidity of a firm by comparing actual cash flows from operations with current liability. It is calculated as per equation Being a cash measure, the ratio does not encounter the problems of actual convertibility of current assets and the need for maintaining minimum levels of these assets. In general, the higher the ratio, the better is a firm from the point of view of liquidity. 2. CAPITAL STRUCTURE /LEVERAGE RATIOS: The long term lenders/creditors would judge the soundness of a firm on the basis of the long term financial strength measured in terms of its ability to pay the interest regularly as well as repay the installment of the principal on due dates or in one lump sum at the time of maturity. The long term solvency of a firm can be examined by using leverage or capital structure ratios. It may be defined as financial ratios which throw light on the long term solvency of a firm as reflected in its ability to assure the long term lenders with regard to (1) Periodic payment of interest during the period of the loan and (2) Repayment of principal on maturity or in predetermined installments at due dates Ratios based on relationship between borrowed funds and owner’ capital: A. Debt –equity ratio: The financing of total assets of a business concern is done by owner’s equity as well as outsider’s debts. The relationship between borrowed funds and owner’s capital is a popular measure of long-term financial solvency of a firm. The relationship is shown by the debt equity ratio. This ratio indicates the relative proportions of debts and equity in financing the assets of a firm the formula we use is Total long-term debts by Shareholders fund. Total long-term debts include mortgage loans, long term loans; debentures etc. hare holders fund includes Preference share holders, Equity share holders, capital reserve, revenue reserve etc. Debt equity ratio = Total long term funds/Share holders fund Debt equity ratio = Total long term funds/Share holders fund Significance of the ratio: Acceptable norm for this ratio is considered to be 2:1. A higher debt-equity ratio is allowed in the case of capital-intensive industries, a norm of 4:1 is used for fertilizer and cement units and a norm of 6:1 is used for shipping units. A high ratio shows that the claims of creditors are greater han that of owners. A very high ratio is unfavourable from the firm’s point of view. A high debt company, also known as highly leveraged or geared, is able to borrow funds on very restrictive terms and conditions. A low debt-equity ratio implies greater claim of owners then creditors. From the point of view of creditors, it represents a satisfactory capital structure of the business since a high proportion of equity provides a larger margin of safety for them. This ratio shows the extent to which debt financing is used in the business. Debt –assets ratio: Another approach to calculating the debt to capital ratio is to relate the total debt to the total assets of the firm. The total debt of the firm comprises long- term debt plus current liabilities. The total assets consist of permanent capital plus current liabilities. Thus, Debt to total assets/capital ratio= total debt/ total assets Debt to total assets/capital ratio= total debt/ total assets c) Equity assets ratio: Still another variant of the debt/equity ratio is to relate the owner’s/proprietor’s funds with total assets. This is called the proprietary ratio. The ratio indicates the proportion of total assets financed by owners. Symbolically, it is equal to: Proprietary ratio = Proprietor’s funds / total assets x 100 Proprietary ratio = Proprietor’s funds / total assets x 100 Proprietary Fund to Fixed Assets Proprietary ratio relates shareholders’ funds to total assets. It is a variant of debt equity ratio. This ratio shows long term or future of the business. It calculated by dividing shareholders funds by the total assets. Proprietary ratio = shareholders funds/ Fixed assets Proprietary ratio = shareholders funds/ Fixed assets Preference share capital and equity share capital plus all reserves and surplus items are called shareholders fund. Total assets include all assets including goodwill. Significance of the ratio: The acceptable norm for the ratio is 1: 3. The ratio shows the general strength of the company. It is very important to creditors as it helps to find out the proportion of shareholders funds in the tot al assets used in the business. Higher ratio indicates a secured position to creditors and a low ratio indicates greater risk to creditors. Proprietary ratio is also analysis in the following manner Ratio of current assets to proprietor’s funds: It shows the relationship between current assets and Shareholders funds. The purpose of this ratio is to calculate the percentage of shareholders funds invested in current assets. It found by dividing current assets by proprietors funds. Significance of the ratio This ratio can be expressed in percentage or as a proportion. Different industries are using different norms and hence the ratio should be carefully used. c) Coverage ratios: It measures the firm’s ability to pay certain fixed charges. These ratios are computed from information available in the profit and loss account. For a normal firm, in the ordinary course of business, the claims of creditors are not met out of the sale proceeds of the permanent assets of the firm. The obligations of a firm are normally met out of the earning or operating profits. 1. Interest coverage ratio: It measures the firm’s ability to make contractual interest payments. Interest coverage = EBIT / interest Interest coverage = EBIT / interest It is also known as ‘time-interest- earned ratio’. This ratio measures the debt servicing capacity of a firm insofar as fixed interest on long term loan is concerned. It is determined by dividing the operating profits or earnings before interest and taxes by the fixed interest charges on loans. 2. Dividend coverage ratio: It measures the ability of a firm to pay dividend on preference shares which carry a stated rate of return. This ratio is the ratio of net profits after taxes and the amount of preference dividend. Thus, Dividend coverage ratio = EAT/ PREFERENCE DIVIDEND Dividend coverage ratio = EAT/ PREFERENCE DIVIDEND 3. Total fixed charges coverage ratio: It measures the firm’s ability to meet all fixed payment obligations. The total coverage ratio has a wider scope and takes into account all the committed fixed obligations of a firm, that is, 1) Interest on loan 2) Preference dividend 3) Lease payments 4) Repayment of principal Symbolically, Total fixed charges coverage ratio = EBIT + Lease payment/ interest + lease payment + (preference dividend + installment of principal) / (1-t) Total fixed charges coverage ratio = EBIT + Lease payment/ interest + lease payment + (preference dividend + installment of principal) / (1-t) . Cash flow coverage ratio: Total cash flow coverage = EBIT+ lease payments + depreciation + non-cash expenses / lease payment + interest + (principal repayment)/(1-t) + (preference dividend)/ (1-t) Total cash flow coverage = EBIT+ lease payments + depreciation + non-cash expenses / lease payment + interest + (principal repayment)/(1-t) + (preference dividend)/ (1-t) The overall ability of a firm to service outside liabilities is truly reflected in the total cash flow coverage ratio: the higher the coverage, the better is the ability 5. Debt services coverage ratio: Debt service capability is the ability of a firm to make the contractual payments required on a scheduled basis over the life of the debt. It is considered a more comprehensive and apt measure to compute debt service capacity of a business firm. It provides the value in terms of the number of times the total debt service obligations consisting of interest and repayment of principal in installments are covered by the total operating funds available after the payment of taxes: Earnings after taxes, EAT + interest + depreciation + other non – cash expenditure like amortization. 3. Profitability ratios: The profitability of a firm can be measured by its profitability ratio. Apart from the creditors, both short-term and long terms, also interested in the financial soundness of a firm are the owners and the management or the company itself. The management of the firm is naturally eager to measure its operating efficiency. Similarly the owners invest their funds in the expectation of reasonable returns. The operating efficiency of a firm and its ability to ensure adequate returns to its shareholders/ owners depends ultimately on the profits earned by it. a) Gross Profit Ratio: Gross profit is the result of the relationship between prices, sales volume and costs. It measures the percentage of each sales rupee remaining after the firm has paid for its goods. A change in the gross margin can be brought about by changes in any of these factors. The gross margin represents the limit beyond which fall in sales prices are outside the tolerance limit. Further, the gross profit ratio/ margin can also be used in determining the extent of loss caused by theft, spoilage, damage, and so on in the case of these firms which follow the policy of fixed gross profit margin in pricing their products. A high ratio of gross profit to sales is a sign of good management as it implies that the cost of production of the firm is relatively low. It may also be indicative of a higher sales price without a corresponding increase in the cost of goods sold. It is also likely that cost of sales might have declined without a corresponding decline in sales price. A relatively low gross margin is definitely a danger signal, warranting and careful and detailed analysis of the factors responsible for it. Gross profit ratio= gross profit x 100 Sales Gross profit ratio= gross profit x 100 Sales Net profit ratio: It measures the percentage of each sales rupee remaining after all costs and expenses including interest and taxes have been deducted. The net profit margin is indicative of management’s ability to operate the business with sufficient success not only to recover from revenues of the period, the cost of merchandise or services, the expenses of operating the business (including depreciation) and the cost of the borrowed funds, but also to leave a margin of reasonable compensation to the owners for providing their capital at risk. The ratios of net profit (after interest and taxes) to sales essentially express the cost price effectiveness of the operation. A high net profit margin would ensures adequate return to the owners as well as enable a firm to withstand adverse economic conditions when selling price is declining, cost of production is rising and demand for the product is falling. A low net profit margin has the opposite implications. Net profit ratio = Net profit x 100 Sales Net profit ratio = Net profit x 100 Sales a. Return on capital employed: The ROCE is the second type of ROI. Here the profits are related to the total capital employed. The term capital employed refers to long- term funds supplied by the lenders and owners of the firm. It can be computed in two ways. First, it is equal to non –current liabilities (long term liabilities) plus owners’ equity. Return on capital employed= Net profit x100 Capital employed Return on capital employed= Net profit x100 Capital employed SUMMARY OF FINDINGS Ratio analysis is an important tool for financial statement analysis. Here we studied various ratios relating to measurement of the financial performance such as current ratio, quick ratio, debt equity ratio, proprietary ratio, gross profit ratio etc. In the previous chapter we made a detailed analysis of the Angel Broking Limited from 2005 to 2009. The major findings are given below * The study shows there is a continuous changes in the current ratio and also it is not satisfactory when compare to actual standard of 2:1. * Current ratio in the year 2005, it is showing 1. 5% and later on it went on increasing way i. e. in 2006 – 1. 44%, 2007 – 1. 36, 2008-1. 37%. * Current ratio in past three years it was getting to meet the standard, but in the year of 2009 again it went down to 1. 07%. * The quick ratio for this company is same as mentioned in the above table. Because as there is no inventory and prepaid expenses to deduct in this company as it is insurance company we cannot find inventory. * The study shows that the net working capital in the company is Rs. 52,669,000 in 2005, Rs. 1,182,432,000 in 2006, in 2007 – Rs. ,420,039,000, in 2008 – Rs. 2,324,559,000 and in 2009 again it decreased to Rs. 614,591,000. * The study shows that the debt equity ratio is satisfactory from the creditors point of view that is in the year 2005 the percentage of ratio is 2. 65%, in 2006 – 3. 73%, in the year 2007 – 5. 50%, in 2008- 6. 33% and in 2009 it is 5. 29%. * The study shows that the proprietary ratio to fixed assets is 2005- 4. 37%, 2006- 10. 53%, 2007- 11. 36%, 2008- 9. 96%, 2009- 12. 73%. * The study shows that the proprietary ratio to current ratio is in 2005-2. 79%, 2006- 1. 64%, 2007- 1. 5%, 2008- 1. 55%, 2009- 1. 91%. * The study shows that gross profit ratio of the company was went on decreasing but it is recovering from more loss to less loss and the percentage of ratio is, in the year 2005 is -0. 13%, in 2006 it is -0. 08%, in 2007 it is -0. 04%, in 2008 it is -0. 05%, in 2009 it is -0. 09% * The study shows that the net loss was went on decreasing from the year 2005 to 2008. But in the year 2009 it has incurred more loss than 2006, 2007, and 2008 but less than 2005 (i. e. 2005 = -0. 27, 2006= -. 20, 2007= -. 16, 2008= -0. 14, 2009= -0. 2) * The study shows that the return on capital employed is not good because every year it is earning negative returns and also the percentage of negative returns went on increasing way (i. e. 2005= -58. 80%, 2006= -49. 99%, 2007= -52. 88%, 2008= -51. 90%, 2009= -64. 62%. CHAPTER 5 SWOT ANALYSIS 5. 1 Strengths * It is a pioneer in online trading with a turn over of Rs. 220. 5 billion and Over 6810 sub-Brokers ; Business Associates. * Angel Broking provides multi-channel access to all its customers through a strong online presence with www. angelbroking. om,144 share shops in all over India and a call-center based Dial-n-Trade facility. Nation-wide network of 21 Reg ional Hubs Presence in 124 cities. * Above 6th lakh client in all over India * 100+ member research ; advisory team comprises of experienced fundamental and technical analyst, sector specialist, derivative strategists. * Angel Broking has dedicated research teams for fundamental and technical research, which constantly track the pulse of the market and provide timely investment advice free of cost to its clients which has a strike rate of 70-80%. Angel Broking Ltd. Announced that it is planning to invest around INR 300 million this financial year for expanding its branch network. The company is looking to invest around INR 250-300 million in this financial year for expanding its network by 50 branches. * The company has been increasing at a compounded growth rate of 100% every year. 5. 2 Weakness * Localized presence due to insufficient investments for countrywide expansion. * Lack of awareness among customers because of non-aggressive promotional strategies (print media, newspapers , etc). Lesser emphasis on customer retention. * Focuses more on HNIs than retail investors which results in meager market-share as compared to close competitors. * Not listed in stock exchange. 5. 3 Opportunities * With the booming capital market it can successfully launch new services and raise its client’s base. * It can easily tap the retail investors with small saving through promotional channels like print media, electronic media, etc. * As interest on fixed deposits with post office and banks are all time low, more and more small investors are entering into stock market. Abolition of long-term capital gain tax on shares and reduction in short term capital gain is making stock market as hot destination for investment among small investors. * Angel Stock Broking Ltd. plans to finalize INR 2 billion – INR 2. 5 billion fund raising plans between December 2009 and March 2010. Dinesh Thakkar, Angel Broking’s CMD said, â€Å"We are got active interest from the US and UK-based institutions. We are open to diluting a significant stake. † * Increasing usage of Internet through broadband connectivity may boost a whole new breed of investors for trading in securities. . 4 Threats * Aggressive promotional strategies by close competitors may hamper Angel Broking’s acceptance by new clients. * Lack of sufficient branch-offices for speedy delivery of services. * More and more players are venturing into this domain, which can further reduce the earnings of Angel Stock Broking Ltd. CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION ; SUGGESTIONS 6. 1 Conclusion On the basis of the study it is found that Angel Broking Ltd. is better services provider than the other stockbrokers because of their timely research and personalized advice on what stocks to buy and sell. Angel Broking Ltd. provides the facility of Trade tiger as well as relationship manager facility for encouragement and protects the interest of the investors. It also provides the information through the internet and mobile alerts that what IPO’s are coming in the market and it also provides its research on the future prospect of the IPO. Study also concludes that people are not much aware of commodity market and while it’s going to be biggest market in India. From the above survey and observation it is found that most of the people who are trading in share market belongs to the employee group, next comes the business men and other class of income people. As the share market value goes on increasing day by day the investor who wants to invest in shares also increasing. But investing in shares is as risky as earning yield. Trading in online trading firm is easy as it all delivered with internet and within a few minutes the customer can buy and sell shares which save time as well as reduction of paper work. Hence trading in share market is increasing day by day and investors are ready to invest their investment in share market only. I got the knowledge about the customer’s needs and their references for having a particular product. The need of customers differs from person to person, area, locality and occupation. Customer always wants more service by paying less. They expect all the information such less rates, less brokerages, highly returns and better service level without delay. W How to cite Angel Broking Ltd., Essay examples

Daktronics free essay sample

Daktronics, a company specializing in manufacturing electronic score board systems, is facing the issue of dealing with a changing environment in their market. Having invested a large amount of capital into their large sales force, the company accrued â€Å"relationship capital†. However, increasing involvement of consultants in the market changed the market structure, their good will or relationship capital may not be enough to maintain their marketshare. The presence of the consulting firms coupled with poor market conditions and sometimes hostile relationships with the consultants eroded Daktronics profits. The company now must decide what they are to do as a result of the changing environment in the large venue sports industry and how they will adapt to working with consultants. Strengths Daktronic is a market leader in electronic scoreboards, programmable display systems, and large screen video displays. They have a 70-75 percent market share. Over 40 years in the business Being an engineering company, they are able to have competitive pricing They provide one-stop shopping, whereas competitors have to go through multiple companies whose interfaces don’t always work well with one another Product life cycle is about 10 years Daktronics is proactive about checking in with their clients, they have positive reviews on their customer service Miami University considers them the best value on the market when it comes to price, training, support systems and follow up Won the largest percentages of contracts with a contractor at 38% Has a legacy, and is already in a lot of great venues gives them an advantage because they already have a foot in the door Has a pretty big stronghold because they have relationships with so many of the ground level people, broadcast engineers and production teams are familiar with their product so when it’s time to replace the equipment their opinion is based on whatever vendor is currently in their facility Jay Parker, sales manager at Daktronics stated that they always considered a finalist for a job. Familiar with needs of customer base especially those on college campus and sports venues Daktronics is doing better than Mitsubishi (even though Mitsubishi’s product is a premium product with a longer life) because Mitsubishi’s displays put out much more heat, which require more energy Daktronics HD product is one of the best in the industry currently for an off-access viewing angel with a fairly tight pixel density Daktronics’ unique configuration of pixels allows for very wide viewing angles They are multinational company, they have an installed base in nearly 100 countries They usually win 70 percent of the sport facility projects Weaknesses Their major contracts involve many people making the decision, it’s a complex sale and they have to influence many people. Manufacturing is done in the US, from a price and competitive standpoint they are losing market share from companies manufacturing in Asia Daktronics’ unique configuration of pixels make s the display look less contiguous for people close to it Net sales dropped from $581 million in 2009 to $393 million in 2010 Opportunities Demand for complex media technology and applications in sporting facilities continued regardless of the economy Consultants do direct business towards Daktronics but force them to beat the price of their lowest competitor Daktronics try to get in at the early stages of the buying decision, build a relationship and then position themselves into a lead position Sometimes the consultants will help their suppliers and tell them to adjust their sales pitch and tell them about the client’s concerns Threats Relationships with consultants are sometimes confrontational, Jay Parker stated that they sometimes make the company look as bad as possible so that their client would select another supplier Appendix C list of digital signage competitors Overall market environment was uncertain and complex Sony, Mitsubishi and Barco are video companies in the large sports venue market that are competitors to Daktronics Consultants in the large sports venue market are now being included in the buy ing process taking revenue away from Daktronics sales people Sluggish economy limited the disposable income of the fans, teams and facilities that Daktronics drew revenue from Mitsubishi’s products are better than Daktronics and more of a premium product, they also have a track records of super-longevity, they have a better reputation, and once the product is installed you’ll never have to touch Competitors try to buy their way into the market by bidding for projects at half Daktronics’ price, increasing their competition and lowering their prices at the same time World of sports is contingent on the economy and whether sponsors will buy advertising or if fans will buy tickets Consultants require they break down their invoices to individual item pieces and components and take the lowest price for each item between competing companies Daktronics has a few options for dealing with the increasing involvement of consultants as intermediaries in the sale process in the large sports venue market . They can ignore the presence of consultants and continue with business as usual. They can try and work with the consultants, perhaps offer them benefits for their sales involving Daktronics products or educate the consultants more on their company’s products and services. This option might be difficult given their current confrontational relationship with some consultants. Lastly, they can try and train their sales staff to work and think more like consultants or â€Å"owner’s representative† and less like sales representatives. This last approach would require that they be more knowledgeable about their competitor’s products. Ignore the consultants and continue with what they are doing Pros: This option does not require any additional effort or capital on Daktronics part They already have the largest market share in the industry They would still win most of the consultant assisted bids Cons: Consultants may still have a confrontational relationship with Daktronics, ignoring the problem would allow them to continue to talk down on the company and their products. Profits can continue to erode if they don’t face the problem Try and work with consultants Pros: Working with the consultants could better their relationship with the consultants. Working with consultants may sway them to recommend their product to the buyers. Working with consultants may educate them on the company’s strengths which they may not have known before. They would probably need fewer sales representatives if they worked with consultants. Cons: Consultants still get a cut of the deal even if the buyer purchases Daktronics product. Trying to work with consultants gives the consultants more power to demand lower pricing and kickbacks Requires more effort on Daktronics part, but does not guarantee increase in sales Train sales staff to work more like consultants Pros: This approach puts the needs of the buyer first, by counselling the buyer this would better their relationship with them. If the sales force acted more like consultants, they may be able to control more of their sales and take business away from the consulting firms. This requires that the sales team be more knowledgeable of their competitors and their pricing Cons: Requires time, energy and capital to train their sales force Being more like the owners representative requires that they provide direction, counsel and active management for the coordination of the signs, sometimes it may be more beneficial for the buyer to go with another company and this would cause a conflict of interest. Acting more like consultants would require they be more transparent about their business, which is unfavorable when trying to make a sale. I think the most advantageous option for Daktronics would be to try and work with the consulting firms. The consulting firms already have the knowledge base of their competitors and have information on the needs of their clients, working with would give them access to information they might not already have. To do this they would need to mend their relationship with some of the consulting firms they are in conflict with and try to build â€Å"relationship capital† with the consultants. This would alternative is not guaranteed to work, but they have the least to lose by choosing this option.